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Ai Weiwei: According to What? [PDF]
The Brooklyn Museum
A teaching resource that accompanied a special exhibit in 2014. Provides background on Ai Weiwei and then description of 3 separate works by the artist, with suggestions for activities and discussion.

Go to Museum Resource: http://s3.amazonaws.com/brooklynmuseum.org-public/education/docs/Ai_Weiwei_Teac...
 
Ancestor Portraits – Family Legacy through Art
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will be able to investigate and explain how portraiture communicates a person’s legacy.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Ancient China: From the Neolithic Period to the Han Dynasty [PDF]
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
"An historical overview of ancient China—from the Neolithic period (approx. 6,000–2000 BCE) to the end of the Han dynasty (220 CE)" This packet explores the rise of ancient Chinese civilization and how belief systems and cultural values are reflected in surviving examples of its material culture. The packet features important archaeological excavations such as the Tomb of Fu Hao, created in the Shang dynasty (approx. 1600–1050 BCE); the Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng, created in the Warring States period (approx. 480–221 BCE); and the Terracotta Army of Qin Shi Huangdi, the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE), created approx. 210 BCE. Other highlights include Chinese jades, bronzes, and ceramics in the Asian Art Museum’s collection galleries. The packet includes interactive activities for the classroom and student handouts. See also content and multiple downloads on An Introduction to the Qin Empire (221–206 BCE), An Introduction to the Han Dynasty, and An Introduction to the Shang Dynasty.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/09/Ancient-China...
 
Ancient Chinese Bronzes
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will learn that objects found in tombs can provide information about Chinese civilization, including beliefs about the afterlife, aspects of daily life, social hierarchies, and artistic processes. Students will be able to explain how Chinese bronze vessels were produced, and they will create a sketch of their own bronze design inspired by an ancient Chinese example. See also the Ancient Chinese Bronzes - Lesson Plan.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Ancient Chinese Bronzes - Lesson Plan
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Chinese civilization made great advances as it emerged from the Neolithic period and entered the Bronze Age. One factor in this change was the ability to locate and extract natural deposits of copper and tin for making bronze. Foundries capable of heating the ores to high enough temperatures for mixing and casting metal were established in northern areas of China around 1700 BCE. One of the largest and most impressive early foundries was at Anyang, the capital of the late Shang dynasty from about 1300 to 1050 BCE. For more on the bronzes at the Smithsonian and how they were cast, see also Ancient Chinese Bronzes.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/ancient-chinese-bronzes/
 
Ancient Chinese Jades
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Poetically described two thousand years ago in China as the "fairest of stones," jade actually refers to two different minerals, nephrite and jadeite. All of the true jades found at ancient Chinese sites are made of fine-grained nephrite. In its purest state nephrite lacks color; impurities create the variations of yellow, green, brown, and black. See also Jades for Life and Death.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/ancient-chinese-jades/
 
Ancient Chinese Ritual Bronzes
Harvard Art Museums
Excellent short presentation of 8 slides, with commentary, including a diagram of piece-mold casting and an enlarged image of a taotie or mask-like face from a bronze urn. Part of the museum’s “Hotspots” digital images.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.harvardartmuseums.org/tour/hotspots/stop/241
 
Ancient Tombs
University of Washington, Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization
"This unit contains summaries of five archaeological sites, ranging in date from about 2300 BC to 100 BC. The tombs selected for examination were all advanced for their time. Their occupants were members of the ruling class of the period, able to afford the highest standard of material comfort, technical excellence, and artistic embellishment then available." A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization was prepared by University of Washington history professor Patricia Buckley Ebrey. With questions for discussion, timelines, maps, and suggested readings. Select HOME to find link to teachers' guides for all topics featured on the website.

Go to Museum Resource: http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/archae/2tommain.htm
 
Animals in Ancient Chinese Bronzes
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will be able to identify, analyze, and interpret the visual imagery of ancient Chinese bronzes.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Appreciating Chinese Calligraphy
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
A comprehensive, short documentary on the art of Chinese calligraphy. Downloads includes a guide "Getting Started with Chinese Calligraphy" and a Teachers Packet.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/appreciating-chinese-calligraphy/
 
Archaeological Footprint: Can we really know about the past from things left behind? [PDF]
The Field Museum
In this lesson plan students will analyze the objects in the Cyrus Tang Hall of China, either onsite at The Field Museum or online and think about how history is learned through objects. They will also theorize about what gaps can exist when stories are told through objects

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/archaeological_footprint.pdf
 
Architectural Models (Eastern Han Dynasty)
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"Tall pottery towers and other architectural models were popular during the Eastern Han dynasty (A.D. 25-220). These, along with ceramic replicas of houses, human and animal figures, cooking implements, and bronze ceremonial vessels, were created to be placed inside the tomb to accompany the deceased into the afterlife." A short introduction to the models, with five related objects, all with descriptions, and an in-depth interview with an MIA curator.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/explore/explore-collection-architectural...
 
The Art and Archeology of Ancient China: A Teacher's Guide [PDF]
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
An illustrated 106-page teacher's guide that can be downloaded in .pdf format, in three parts. Go to middle of HTML page and select Part I, Part II, and Part III to download the guide. Includes historical background from China's Late Neolithic Period (BCE ca. 5000-2000) to the Han Dynasty (BCE 206-220 CE), plus a timeline, vocabulary list, pronunciation guide, four lesson plans, plus featured object studies on 1) Clothing and Personal Adornment (Silk and Jade); 2) Food Preparation and Utensils; 3) Transportation; 4) Ceremonies (Music); 5) Writing (Chinese Characters); 6) Industry (Bronze Casting); 7) Building. Also a special chapter on Ancestor Worship, then and today.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Art-and-Archaeology-of-Ancient-C...
 
Art and China after 1989: Theater of the World
Guggenheim Museum
”Art and China after 1989 presents work by 71 key artists and groups active across China and worldwide whose critical provocations aim to forge reality free from ideology, to establish the individual apart from the collective, and to define contemporary Chinese experience in universal terms. Bracketed by the end of the Cold War in 1989 and the Beijing Olympics in 2008, it surveys the culture of artistic experimentation during a time characterized by the onset of globalization and the rise of a newly powerful China on the world stage. The exhibition’s subtitle, Theater of the World, comes from an installation by the Xiamen-born, Paris-based artist Huang Yong Ping: a cage-like structure housing live reptiles and insects that coexist in a natural cycle of life, an apt spectacle of globalization’s symbiosis and raw contest.” See also: Teaching Materials.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.guggenheim.org/exhibition/art-and-china-after-1989-theater-of-the-w...
 
The Artful Fabric of Collecting
Jordan Schnitzner Museum of Art, University of Oregon
Chinese textiles from the collection of Gertrude Bass Warner (1863-1951), who… was particularly drawn to silk textiles and the people who produced them, primarily the women in private households and commercial workshops. Techniques and patterns of weaving silk for Chinese robes are demonstrated on the site. It was only in the 17th century when the production of court orders began to overwhelm the imperial workshops that commercial workshops took over some of the production. In these commercial workshops, most of them located in the Jiangnan area, the center of China’s silk production, male weavers relegated women to the groundworks of silk production: the rearing of the silkworms and reeling the silk of the cocoons. Embroidery remained the domain of women. They were the master embroiderers who developed the art to its height in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). Their legacy can be admired in the textiles from the Warner collection.

Go to Museum Resource: https://glam.uoregon.edu/s/fabric-of-collecting/page/welcome
 
The Art of Calligraphy in Asia
Princeton University Art Museum
“Calligraphy, the art of beautiful writing, was long considered the supreme art form in China, Japan, and Korea. This elevated status reflects the importance of the written word in East Asian cultures. In ancient China, early emperors asserted their power by engraving edicts or pronouncements on stone in their own calligraphic script. The elite members of society were scholar ¬officials, whose status was attained by their command of the written word. In addition to the central role played by writing in Chinese culture, the visual form of the language also contributed to the distinctiveness of the calligraphic tradition. The vast number and complexity of the characters that make up the Chinese script presented artists with a unique platform on which to explore the creative possibilities of design. The writing of Chinese characters-which was then widely adopted in Korea around the fourth century and in Japan in the mid-sixth century-was thought to be the purest visual manifestation of the writer's inner character and level of cultivation. It was the medium through which a person's thoughts, feelings, and artistry were best conveyed. In looking at a piece of calligraphy, we may admire the way a calligrapher manipulated the brush to create an object of beauty in which rhythmic energy is conveyed through strokes and dots done with ink. Changes in ink gradation, the relationship between characters, and the elegance of a single line can entice viewers regardless of the legibility of the text.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/object-package/art-calligraphy-asia/104193
 
Art of China
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
This lesson is designed to connect to the MFA’s rich collection of Chinese art, spanning from the Bronze Age to the present day.

Go to Museum Resource: http://educators.mfa.org/art-china-mfa-collection-406841
 
Art of East Asia: Curriculum Guide
San Diego Museum of Art
The Museum’s Education Department has created a series of lesson plans to help introduce art into the classroom. The following lesson plans have been designed to help educators create elaborate classroom activities that will enhance their students’ understanding of works of art at The San Diego Museum of Art. See also: Exploring the Art of East Asia [PDF}.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.sdmart.org/curriculum/
 
Art of the Qing Dynasty Lesson Plan - Fish-Basket Guanyin
Spencer Museum of Art, University of Kansas
See site for lesson plans on this museum object.

Go to Museum Resource: https://spencerartapps.ku.edu/k12-lesson-plans#/k12/3515
 
Art of the Song Dynasty Lesson Plan - Head of a Bodhisattva
Spencer Museum of Art, University of Kansas
See site for lesson plans on this museum object.

Go to Museum Resource: https://spencerartapps.ku.edu/k12-lesson-plans#/k12/12731
 
Arts of China: Teaching Toolkit
The Brooklyn Museum
Objects in the museums collection (dating from the Neolithic era to today) are featured in 12 lessons for 3rd grade teachers and students to explore Chinese art and culture. 3 sections — Geography and Environment (covering nature and symbolism); Believe Systems (with content on Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism); Global Exchange (with content on the Silk Road) — show how a variety of purposes (funerary, courtly, religious, poetic) combine to define traditional Chinese culture.

Go to Museum Resource: https://teach.brooklynmuseum.org/project/arts-of-china/
 
Arts of China: Teaching Toolkit
The Brooklyn Museum
Objects in the museums collection (dating from the Neolithic era to today) are featured in 12 lessons for 3rd grade teachers and students to explore Chinese art and culture. 3 sections — Geography and Environment (covering nature and symbolism); Believe Systems (with content on Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism); Global Exchange (with content on the Silk Road) — show how a variety of purposes (funerary, courtly, religious, poetic) combine to define traditional Chinese culture.

Go to Museum Resource: https://teach.brooklynmuseum.org/project/arts-of-china/
 
Asian Art Objects in 3D
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
The Freer|Sackler boasts several 3D models on the Smithsonian X 3D website—including the “Cosmic Buddha”—which can be found here.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.si.edu/feature/celebrate-asia/3d
 
Asian Art Outlook
Asia Society
A resource for educators featuring highlights from the Asia Society's permanent collection. The site aims to serve as "an accessible and tangible starting point for discussion about the history, geography and cultures of Asia." Features 21 artworks (7 from the Indian subcontinent, 7 from China, and 7 from Japan), each with background text and a detailed guide on how to look at the work. Also includes 8 additional lesson plans related to Asian art, history, and culture.

Go to Museum Resource: http://sites.asiasociety.org/education/AsianArt/index.htm
 
Asian Influences on European Art
Getty Museum
Explore with your class Asian influences on European art in the 18th century in this lesson plan. Discover ways to engage your students in the investigation of chinoiserie, the cultural and artistic trend that produced objects and paintings reflecting Chinese subjects and motifs. In its broadest sense, chinoiserie was meant to evoke the spirit and decorative forms of faraway lands as diverse as China, Japan, India, and the Middle East.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.getty.edu/education/teachers/classroom_resources/curricula/asian_inf...
 
The Astor Chinese Garden Court
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
A replica of a Ming dynasty home garden from Suzhou, China, recreated by artisans from China. The design of the museum's Chinese garden is "based on a small courtyard within a scholar's garden in the city of Suzhou, China, called Wang Shi Yuan, the Garden of the Master of the Fishing Nets.The first permanent cultural exchange between the U.S. and the People's Republic of China, the installation was completed in 1981. Conceived by museum trustee Brooke Astor, the courtyard was created and assembled by expert craftsmen from China using traditional methods, materials and hand tools." See photo gallery as well as lesson plan.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/78870
 
Attitudes Towards Nature in Daoist Art
Asia Society
Lesson plan that helps students understand the difference between how many Westerners view nature versus how many Chinese (particularly Daoists and the literati) felt about the natural world around them. Uses Chinese poems and landscape paintings as primary sources.

Go to Museum Resource: http://asiasociety.org/education-learning/resources-schools/elementary-lesson-p...
 
Batik – Textile Connections from China to Today
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will be able to analyze how traditional crafts reflect changing times, traditions, and cultural uses.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Bian Lian – Change in Storytelling
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will be able to identify similarities in character development between the text of a story and a dramatic performance in order to create visual representations of character change.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Bronze Age Casting
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
The ability to make bronze tools, weapons, and ritual vessels was such a significant advancement in world civilization that it lends its name to an entire era: the Bronze Age. The skill and resources needed to fabricate bronze were in place in ancient China by 1700 BCE, over a thousand years later than in Egypt, Mesopotamia, and India. The earliest Chinese bronze artifacts have been traced to the Erlitou culture in Henan province. Their discovery confirms foundries for smelting and casting metal were active in northern China between 1300 and 900 BCE, a highpoint of early Chinese casting.

Making bronze requires two things: copper and tin ores, sometimes mixed with lead; and intense heat for refining and casting. Chinese founders made their metal objects using clay for both models and removable section molds. (This differs from the Mediterranean and European practice of casting objects using wax-covered models.)

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/ancient-chinese-bronzes/bronze-age-casting/

 
Brushpainting Demonstration with Artist Kong Pak-yu
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Watch artist Kong Pak-yu demonstrate brushpainting at the Asian Art Museum.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/brushpainting-demonstration-with-artis...
 
Brushpainting: Nature in Art School Program (selected resources)
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
This selection of resources introduces students to the vocabulary, techniques, and values of East Asian ink painting. Lessons and background information compliment the Brushpainting: Nature in Art school program at the Asian Art Museum. Includes download of visual guide. See also the video resource Brushpainting: Nature in Art.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/brushpainting-nature-in-art-school-pro...
 
Brushstrokes: Styles and Techniques of Chinese Painting [PDF]
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
"Brushpainting, which includes calligraphy, landscapes, scrolls and fans, has been a major art form throughout Chinese history. This packet explores the history, development and significance of brushpainting in Chinese art. Includes discussion of painting and calligraphy techniques, and a comparison of painting styles."

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/09/Brushstrokes....
 
Buddhism
University of Washington, Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization
"This unit offers evidence of how Buddhism changed China's visual culture, showing the evolution of images of deities, plus views of temples and people practicing Buddhism." A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization was prepared by University of Washington history professor Patricia Buckley Ebrey. With questions for discussion, timelines, maps, and suggested readings. Select HOME to find link to teachers' guides for all topics featured on the website.

Go to Museum Resource: http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/bud/5budhism.htm
 
Buddhist Art from China and Japan
The Cleveland Museum of Art
This lesson explores new objectives for art and examines how Chinese painting reflects Buddhist principles. Students learn to consider the meaning and significance of Buddhist mudras through the examination of images from the Cleveland Museum of Art.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/buddhist-art-china-and-japan
 
The Buddhist Cave Temples of Xiangtangshan
New York University, Institute for the Study of the Ancient World
Carved into the side of a mountain, the Buddhist cave temples at Xiangtangshan (“Shahng-tahng-shahn”) are the crowning cultural achievement of the short-lived Northern Qi (“Chee”) dynasty, which ruled over most of northeastern China from 550 to 577 ce. The name Xiangtangshan translates as “Mountain of Echoing Halls,” and refers to two groups of rock-cut shrines in Hebei province close to ancient Ye, the Northern Qi capital. The emperors and courtiers who commissioned the temples were non-Chinese, of mixed ethnicities from north of the Great Wall, and practiced Buddhism, a religion favored by this elite. In their entirety, these cave temples housed an awe-inspiring world below ground and reflect a long tradition, begun in India, of situating holy places within the earth itself. Includes 12 over life-size sculptures from this Buddhist cave temple complex with a full-scale, digital, 3-D reconstruction of the interior of one of the site’s impressive caves.

Go to Museum Resource: http://isaw.nyu.edu/exhibitions/echoes
 
Buddhist Sculpture from China
China Institute
“The period covered by Buddhist Sculpture from China fits within Era 4 of the National History Standards, “Expanding Zones of Exchange and Encounter, 300-1000 CE”: Buddhist, Christian, and Hindu Traditions: Not only Islam but other major religions also spread widely during this 700-year era. Wherever these faiths were introduced, they carried with them a variety of cultural traditions, aesthetic ideas, and ways of organizing human endeavor. Each of them also embraced peoples of all classes and diverse languages in common worship and moral commitment….The entry of Buddhism into China and East Asia at the beginning of the Common Era is central to any perception of cultural exchange as playing “a crucial role in human history, being perhaps the most important external stimuli to change, leaving aside military conquest” (Curtin 1984: 1).”

Go to Museum Resource: https://china360online.org/?property=buddhist-sculpture-from-china
 
Calligraphy
University of Washington, Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization
"This unit will cover calligraphy in China up through the Tang dynasty, with an emphasis on the Six Dynasties and Tang. It was during this period that calligraphy first began to flourish as an art form." A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization was prepared by University of Washington history professor Patricia Buckley Ebrey. With questions for discussion, timelines, maps, and suggested readings. Select HOME to find link to teachers' guides for all topics featured on the website.

Go to Museum Resource: http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/callig/callmain.htm
 
Calligraphy in East Asia: Art, Communication, and Symbology
Education About Asia
An ideal introductory overview of brush calligraphy’s powerful influence on East Asia. As an artistic genre, brush calligraphy holds a central place in the cultural history in East Asia. The form of the characters used in the Chinese writing system—as well as the other writing systems that were derived from it— have long held a place of special regard in the aesthetic traditions of the region. Brush calligraphy has historically been ubiquitous in the visual culture of China, Japan, and Korea, either as a complement to another kind of image (perhaps a landscape painting or part of an illustrated book) or as a work of art in its own right; consequently, it is central to the study of East Asian art history… East Asian brush calligraphy closely integrates aspects of art, communication, and symbology, thus offering educators a particularly rich set of resources from which to draw upon. With PDF download.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.asianstudies.org/publications/eaa/archives/calligraphy-in-east-asia...
 
China: History Timeline
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
An interactive timeline of Chinese history, from the Late Neolithic period to the present. Short text overview of each time period, along with a work of art from that time period.

Go to Museum Resource: https://archive.asia.si.edu/exhibitions/online/chinaTimeline/launch.htm
 
China's Calligraphic Arts
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Six major scripts have developed over the course of more than three thousand years for writing Chinese characters, and all are still used in "artistic writing" (calligraphy) today. Each of these styles of writing—oracle bone, seal, clerical, cursive, running, and standard—has distinct differences in appearance.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/chinas-calligraphic-arts/
 
China’s ‘China’: Porcelain’s Contribution to World History and Culture
China Institute
A simple and clear-cut way of demonstrating the significant impact that Chinese porcelain has had on global material culture over many centuries is to consider the very word ‘China’ in the English language: the word refers not only to the country but is also synonymous with the porcelain pottery ware that began to circulate in Europe almost as soon as European ships rounded the Cape of Good Hope and increasingly established direct trade relations with China and other Asian countries. Ceramic pottery is, of course, as old as human civilization and found around the globe; but the unique quality and properties of porcelain—its considerable strength, translucency, and high resistance to thermal shock—make it one of the great contributions Chinese civilization has made to world cultures.

Go to Museum Resource: https://china360online.org/?property=appreciation-capitals
 
China’s Long Nineteenth Century – Foreign Influence and the End of Dynastic China
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will be able to explain the various reasons why the Qing dynasty was weakened during the nineteenth century, especially with regard to the outside influence of foreign powers.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
China’s Terracotta Army
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
In groups, students will research and present information about the First Emperor’s accomplishments and legacy. Downloads of additional lesson plans and resources.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/chinas-terracotta-army/
 
China’s Terracotta Army: The Terracotta Warriors
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
In this activity, students explore the Terracotta Army, a group of approximately 7,000 terracotta figures of warriors and horses made for China’s First Emperor, Qin Shihuang (259 – 210 BCE). After learning about Qin dynasty (221 – 206 BCE) afterlife beliefs analyzing the types of figures, layout of pits, and other object included, students will create their own arguments about what the Terracotta Army reveals about Emperor Qin Shihuang. Part 1: China’s Terracotta Army: Introduction to China’s First Emperor and the Terracotta; Part 2: The Terracotta Warriors ; Part 3: China’s Terracotta Army: Exploring the Tomb Complex and Values of China’s First Emperor

Go to Museum Resource: https://learninglab.si.edu/collections/chinas-terracotta-army-the-terracotta-wa...
 
China: The Glorious Tang and Song Dynasties [PDF]
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
From a workshop for Teachers. During the Tang (618–906) and Song (960–1279) dynasties, the Chinese empire enjoyed a blossoming of foreign exchange as trade expanded along the Silk Road and sea routes. In this era China also witnessed the flourishing of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism and saw the development of porcelain making and reproduction printing. This packet examines the trade, commerce, religion, philosophy, literature and art of these dynasties. Student handouts include readings and activities on Tang and Song dynasty literature, art and science. See also China: An Introduction to the Tang Dynasty (618-906) and China: An Introduction to the Song Dynasty (960–1279).

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/12/glorious_tang...
 
Chinese American: Exclusion/Inclusion [PDF]
Chinese Historical Society of America
Curriculum materials to accompany the New York Historical Society 2015 exhibition, “Chinese American: Exclusion/Inclusion” that explores the complex history of Chinese Americans. The exhibition’s title encapsulates the challenges of immigration, citizenship, and belonging that shaped both the Chinese American experience and the development of the United States as a nation.

Go to Museum Resource: https://chsa.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Chinese-American-Classroom-Material...
 
Chinese and American Painting: Compare Two Cultures in Ink Painting [PDF]
Santa Barbara Museum of Art
In this lesson plan Students will create a Chinese style landscape from a detail of Mirror Lake.

Go to Museum Resource: https://content.sbma.net/education/lessonPlans/pdf/29Mirror%20Lake%20Bierstadt%...
 
Chinese Art: Paintings Influenced by the Poet Du Fu [PDF]
Santa Barbara Museum of Art
Lesson Plan; Art Activity

Go to Museum Resource: https://content.sbma.net/education/lessonPlans/pdf/29%20Looking_to_the_Past_Poe...
 
Chinese Bronzes (Shang and Chou)
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"Few works of art are as remote or alien to western eyes as ancient Chinese bronzes. Nevertheless these beautiful ritual vessels constituted the mainstream of Chinese art for nearly 1500 years. Spanning both the Shang (1523-1028 B.C.) and Chou dynasties (1027-256 B.C.), these ceremonial utensils, often of unsurpassed technical refinement and varied decor, define the very essence of early Chinese art." A short introduction to ancient Chinese bronzes, with 33 related objects, all with descriptions.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/explore/explore-collection-chinese-bronz...
 
Chinese Buddhist Cave Shrines
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Explores ancient Buddhist cave shrines in China, including why the sites were created and the major sponsors and patrons. Includes 4 min video.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/chinese-buddhist-cave-shrines/
 
Chinese Calligraphy and Ink Painting
The Kennedy Center, ArtsEdge
In this lesson plan "students will experience the art and culture of Chinese calligraphy and Chinese ink painting through watercolor painting and Chinese instrumental folk music ... [and] learn basic calligraphy strokes for the creation of Chinese writing as an art form." Suitable for grades 3-4.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.kennedy-center.org/education/resources-for-educators/classroom-reso...
 
Chinese Calligraphy: An Introduction
Smart History
Calligraphy is the world’s oldest abstract art—the art of the line. This basic visual element can also hold a symbolic charge. Nowhere has the symbolic power of the line manifested itself more fully than in Chinese calligraphy, a tradition that spans over 3,000 years. The aesthetics of calligraphy are important to the history of art in East Asia, where during much of its premodern era classical Chinese was the lingua franca (or common language). An introduction to the major types of Chinese calligraphic scripts with visuals.

Go to Museum Resource: https://smarthistory.org/chinese-calligraphy-intro/
 
Chinese Calligraphy, the Art of Writing
China Institute
Lesson plan on calligraphy with Pearl Lau.

Go to Museum Resource: https://china360online.org/?property=chinese-calligraphy-the-art-of-writing
 
Chinese Ceramics
Pacific Asia Museum of USC
An excellent overview of Chinese ceramics, great for students. Organized into three topics: 1) Tomb Treasures; 2) Reaching Distant Lands; 3) Fit for the Emperor. Illustrated throughout with representative objects, plus a timeline of Chinese history that appears next to the text in every section. The FOR TEACHERS section has a set of Questions & Activities for each topic, plus four fact sheets: 1) Ceramic Secrets; 2) Kinds of Ceramics; 3) Chinese Symbols; 4) Chinese Dynasties.

Go to Museum Resource: https://pacificasiamuseum.usc.edu/exhibitions/past/online-exhibition-chinese-ce...
 
Chinese Furniture
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"Classical Chinese furniture is closely related both aesthetically and technically to traditional Chinese architecture. The basic mortise and tenon system of joinery found in hardwood furniture is deeply rooted in the more ancient tradition of architectural timber framing." A short introduction to Chinese furniture, with 27 related objects, all with descriptions.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/explore/explore-collection-chinese-furni...
 
Chinese Instruments
The Kennedy Center, ArtsEdge
An audio series that "explore[s] unique aspects of Chinese music through sounds, performance and interviews." Featuring three episodes on "the endangered music of the Yunnan peoples; the tradtional sounds of the pipa, bamboo flute, qin and other Chinese instruments; and the creative space between them, where sounds ancient and avant-garde intersect."

Go to Museum Resource: https://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/educators/lessons/grade-3-4/Chinese_Instrum...
 
Chinese Jades of the Qing Dynasty [PDF]
Harn Museum of Art, University of Florida
Collector fashions during the 18th century called for jade boulders to be left in their natural shapes and carved with landscape and figural designs. Similar to paintings, these boulders represented miniature worlds that could stimulate the scholar's imagination or provide a kind of mental retreat. Lesson plan.

Go to Museum Resource: http://harn.ufl.edu/linkedfiles/k-12resource-chinesejades.pdf
 
Chinese Landscape Painting During the Song Dynasty
Princeton University Art Museum
“Landscape painting dominated Chinese painting beginning in the tenth century. The word for landscape painting in Chinese, shan shui hua, literally means “mountain (shan) water (shui) painting (hua).” Mountains are hard and unyielding; water is soft and fluid. These opposites are an example of the concept of yin and yang—the idea that everything in nature is composed of complementary but opposing forces that interact and change. Complementary opposites is one of several core cultural concepts of the Song dynasty that are encapsulated in many of the period’s landscape paintings.”

Go to Museum Resource: https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/asian-art/china/resources/landscape-painting/
 
The Chinese Lion Dance (Elementary)
The Kennedy Center, ArtsEdge
The Chinese Lion Dance is an important part of the celebration of the Chinese New Year, and it is believed to bring good luck and happiness. In this lesson, students will learn about the history of this dance, the costumes that are worn, and the music that accompanies the dance performance. They will create lion head puppets and will dance in a parade carrying their Chinese Lion Dance puppets.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/educators/lessons/grade-k-2/Chinese_Lion_Da...
 
Chinese Painted Scroll – Video Exploration in 3-D
The British Museum
Explore a beautiful Chinese scroll through this immersive video! The painting depicts the forest near Mount Baiyue (now Mount Qiyun) in Anhui province in the east of China. The composition unfolds layer upon layer through multiple perspectives, and was made in 1623 by Chinese artist Xiang Shengmo.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VWsqLc3-0cs
 
Chinese Rubbings Collection of the Field Museum
Ackland Art Museum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
For more than 1,500 years rubbings have been a vital medium for preserving China's art, culture, and history. These beautiful works are made by pressing thin sheets of wet paper into carvings or inscriptions cut in stone or other hard materials and carefully inking the surface to create a copy of the original. The resulting rubbing has white impressions where the paper was pressed into the carving surrounded by a typically black ink field. Because they are easily transported, rubbings quickly became the primary means to faithfully reproduce and share historical data, poetry, scholastic texts, calligraphy, and art throughout China.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/node/4986
 
Chinese Symbols in Art [PDF]
The British Museum
PDF covering Chinese symbols including plants, animals, people, Buddhist symbols and Chinese characters.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.britishmuseum.org/pdf/Chinese_symbols_1109.pdf
 
Ch'ing (Qing), 1644-1912
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"The last Chinese dynasty began on a positive note -- of energetic collecting, cataloging, and exporting -- but ended disastrously." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 445 objects from the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-ching.cfm
 
Ch'in (Qin), 221-206 B.C.
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"During this very brief dynasty, a dynamic leader named Shih-huang unified the "warring states" of the preceding era and declared himself China's first emperor." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and one object representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-chin.cfm
 
Chou (Zhou), 1027-256 B.C.
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"Chinese culture changed radically during this 770-year period, as power extended across family lines to create aristocratic cities and principalities; eventually, these separate states battled for dominance." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 34 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-chou.cfm
 
Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism: How do different belief systems fit together in one country? [PDF]
The Field Museum
In this lesson plan students will explore three major belief systems in China–Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism - through art and artifacts. Through discussion and object-study, students will wrestle with how these different belief systems co-existed in China, and how they influenced and Informed each other. Spanish PDF also available.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/lifeways.pdf
 
Confucius: His Impact on Chinese Culture and the “Great Man Theory of History”
The Cleveland Museum of Art
This lesson plan explores Confucian thought through an investigation of Chinese paintings from the museum’s collection.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/confucius-his-impact-chinese-cul...
 
Confucius, Shotoku, and the Golden Rule
The Cleveland Museum of Art
Confucian thought, Prince Shotoku’s Constitution, and the Golden Rule provide an opportunity for teachers and students to develop a shared vision for learning and classroom relationships. By looking at these ancient sayings, modern-day students can formulate their own rules of conduct.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/confucius-shotoku-and-golden-rule
 
Connecting China and the Near East – Cross-cultural Influences in Art
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will be able to explain how two objects (canteens)show the movement of artistic styles and ideas between the Near East and China.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Creating a Bronze Vessel
Princeton University Art Museum
An excellent interactive unit that illustrates, step by step, the ancient methods by which bronze vessels were cast.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/asian-art/archived/creating-a-bronze-vessel/
 
Creating a Narrative with Chinese Landscape Painting
Asia Society
Lesson plan in which students study a Qing dynasty landscape painting as a narrative journey and create their own narratives.

Go to Museum Resource: http://sites.asiasociety.org/education/AsianArt/lessons.narrative.htm
 
Cultural Exchange in the Tang Dynasty – The Journey of a Tomb Figure
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will be able to identify and analyze the Tomb Figure of a Groom and relate this work to the historical context of cultural exchange during the Tang dynasty.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Cyrus Tang Hall of China
The Field Museum
Wealth of information on China – geography, history, beliefs, artifacts, theater, with lesson plans, some listed on this site.

Go to Museum Resource: http://chinahall.fieldmuseum.org/explore
 
Daoist Immortals
The Cleveland Museum of Art
This lesson plan uses art to introduce Daoism. This complex faith system, which can be regarded as polytheistic religion, has numerous religious figures, called Immortals. While this lesson focuses on the immortals, it also explores the complexity of the Daoist faith.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/daoist-immortals
 
Decoding Chinese Calligraphy
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Master Chinese calligrapher Cai Xingyi demonstrates five major scripts in this video.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/decoding-chinese-calligraphy/
 
Defining Nature through Art
China Institute
This lesson will teach students how to connect the various organisms within nature through an artistic lens. Students will develop their own definition of nature, and conceptualize this definition through Chinese landscape paintings or poetry. They will leave this class with the ability to interpret natural elements within Chinese landscape paintings and Chinese literature.

Go to Museum Resource: https://china360online.org/?property=4-new-york-plaza
 
Designing with Numbers
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will look closely at a Qing dynasty court robe known as a chaofu. They will learn about the beliefs in Chinese numerology and its relationship to language. After counting the symbols, they will learn why specific numbers of special images appear on the robe. Several related math problems are included.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
The Development of Landscape Painting in China: The Song through the Ming Dynasties
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Invasions in the north by the Jin Tartars in the 12th century forced the Song dynasty to retreat to the south where a new court was established at Hangzhou in 1127. Under the Emperor Hui Zong the Imperial Painting Academy already was moving in the direction of closer views of nature, both in landscapes and in images of birds, flowers, and insects. The intent was to capture the vital life spirit of these subjects as well as an understanding of their true form, texture, and movement in space. See also Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) Education and Tradition.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/the-development-of-landscape-painting-...
 
Digging Deeper into Buddhism: Mapping the Buddhist Cosmos
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students already familiar with Siddhartha Gautama, or Shakyamuni, the Historical Buddha, will deepen their understanding of Buddhist beliefs and artwork. They will analyze and interpret works of art that reveal how people live around the world and what they value. They will identify how works of art reflect times, places, cultures, and beliefs. See also Reading the Cosmic Buddha interactive on Google Arts & Culture.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Discovering the East of China: Chinese Music in Elementary School
Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage
Chinese music consists of many regional traditions that differ in form, style, quality and repertory (Lau, 2008). This curricular unit introduces some difang yinyue (regional music of China) and encourages children to discover characteristics of Chinese music by “travelling” around the eastern region of this country.

Go to Museum Resource: https://folkways.si.edu/discovering-east-china-elementary-school/lullaby-vocal-...
 
Diving Deeper into Buddhism – Guanyin
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students who are already familiar with Siddhartha Gautama, or Shakyamuni, the Historical Buddha, will deepen their understanding of Buddhist beliefs and artwork. They will analyze and interpret works of art that reveal how people live around the world and what they value. They will identify how works of art reflect times, places, cultures, and beliefs.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Diving Deeper into Buddhism – Western Paradise
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students already familiar with Siddhartha Gautama, the Historical Buddha, will deepen their understanding of Buddhist beliefs and artwork. They will analyze and interpret works of art that reveal how people around the world live and what they value. They will identify how works of art reflect times, places, cultures, and beliefs.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Educator Resource Packet: Camel and Rider
The Art Institute of Chicago
"This ceramic sculpture of a camel and rider is an example of a type of mingqi (pronounced ming-chee), or tomb figure. During the Tang Dynasty whenever a rich or powerful person died they were buried with clay objects depicting people, animals, and fantastic creatures." With discussion questions, classroom applications, and glossary.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.artic.edu/collection/resources/educator-resources/16-educator-resou...
 
Educator Resource Packet: Shukongojin
The Art Institute of Chicago
"The Art Institute’s figure of Shukongojin, with his demon-like body, flaring eyes, and mouth stretched in a scream, might have originally terrified an oncoming visitor to the temple he guarded, but might have also instilled a sense of protection and reassurance for the visitor who hoped nothing would disturb his meditations once inside. For the viewer today, Shukongojin looks down from his rock-like pedestal, imposing both a sense of awe and curiosity about the target of his aggressive presence. This teaching packet includes an essay, discussion questions, activity ideas, a glossary, and an image of the artwork."

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.artic.edu/collection/resources/educator-resources/34-educator-resou...
 
An Environmental Ethic in Chinese Landscape Painting
Education About Asia
A practical but meaningful multidisciplinary educational resource. Landscape painting in Western art did not develop into an important category of painting until the seventeenth century. In contrast, landscape painting in China was already a prized art form by the ninth century… In fact, when Chinese art was systematically introduced to the West during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the prominence afforded nature—as opposed to humans— in Chinese art startled Western audiences. …Western artists celebrated the human story above all else, while Chinese artists gave trees, plants, birds, rocks, and streams utmost scrutiny. Historically, what beliefs about nature motivated Chinese painters to make landscape such a prestigious art form? … Introducing Chinese landscape painting into a world history or a world art course can serve as a platform for discussing environmental ethics. For example, how does a Song dynasty Chinese landscape painting envision humanity’s relationship with the cosmos? The tiny scale of humans relative to the mountains in a typical Chinese landscape painting suggests that we humans coexist with many other living things. Humans are integrated into a larger whole rather than celebrated as a towering presence. With PDF download.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.asianstudies.org/publications/eaa/archives/cultivating-enlightenmen...
 
Evolving Language: How has language changed the world? [PDF]
The Field Museum
In this lesson plan students will explore the history of writing in China and draw conclusions about the impact of the written word on human civilizations, and how language has changed over time.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/language.pdf
 
An Exploratory Short Course in Tuvan Throat Singing
Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage
An introductory course exploring “throat singing” (or overtone singing) as practiced and performed by the people of Tuva. We will explore this truly unique style of vocal production through attentive listening, watching video and practicing techniques and types of throat singing.

Go to Museum Resource: https://folkways.si.edu/exploratory-short-course-tuvan-throat-singing/folk/musi...
 
Exploring Art Made for the Afterlife
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will learn that objects found in tombs provide information about Chinese civilization, including beliefs about the afterlife, aspects of daily life, social hierarchies, and the importance of horses for trade. Students will be able to explain how tombs show how people lived, traveled, and ate, and what they wore in the past. Finally, they will create their own tomb figure inspired by their favorite mode of transportation.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Exploring Chinese Painting: A Test Module for Undergraduate Teaching
Columbia University, Media Center for Art History
A workspace allowing students to view and compare a group of important Chinese hand scrolls and hanging scrolls from the 10th to the 17th centuries. Uses Flash.

Go to Museum Resource: http://projects.mcah.columbia.edu/nehasian/zoomify/scrolls/swf/start.html
 
Exploring Objects: How many stories can one object tell? [PDF]
The Field Museum
In this lesson plan students will analyze objects using a variety of disciplinary lenses, including anthropology, history, economics, geography, and art history. Students will then collaborate to explore the role of different social scientists in uncovering the stories objects hold.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/objects.pdf
 
Exploring the Qingming Scroll: What does an idealized image of society tell us? [PDF]
The Field Museum
In this lesson plan students will learn about the contradictions contained within the Qingming Scroll and compare it to present-day representations of idealized societies.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/qingming.pdf
 
Five Dynasties, 907-960
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"Brief and unremarkable in terms of military activity and economic progress, this period is nonetheless noteworthy in terms of two artistic advances." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 4 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-five.cfm
 
The Forbidden City (Imperial Palace of China)
The Palace Museum, Beijing
Provides an annotated map of the Palace with live links to images and background on each of the locations. The Imperial Palace was “the center of imperial governance and family life, the Forbidden City consists of various structures that were designed for specific functions. Each structure was built in accordance with the traditional Chinese architectural hierarchy and designed to reflect imperial power and authority.”

Go to Museum Resource: https://en.dpm.org.cn/collections/architecture/
 
The Four Religions of East Asia
The Cleveland Museum of Art
This lesson provides an introduction to China and Japan's four major religions: Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism, and Shinto.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/four-religions-east-asia
 
The Four Treasures and Other Utensils for a Scholar's Desk
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Writing was so valued by the Chinese that they called the most essential implements for the art The Four Treasures–the brush, ink stick, ink stone, and paper.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/the-four-treasures-and-other-utensils-...
 
From Heaven and Earth: Chinese Jade in Context
The Huntington Archive of Buddhist and Asian Art
Works in both jade and clay, divided into categories for which they were crafted.

Go to Museum Resource: https://huntingtonarchive.org/Exhibitions/chineseJade.php
 
Gardens
University of Washington, Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization
"This unit explores the private Chinese garden, the elegant paradises created by the well-to-do, especially in the Southeast. The unit includes a walk-through tour of one of the older surviving gardens of Suzhou, the Garden of the Master of Nets." A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization was prepared by University of Washington history professor Patricia Buckley Ebrey. With questions for discussion, timelines, maps, and suggested readings. Select HOME to find link to teachers' guides for all topics featured on the website.

Go to Museum Resource: http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/home/3garintr.htm
 
Graphic Arts (of 20th-Century China)
University of Washington, Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization
"China's visual culture changed dramatically in the twentieth century with the great growth in advertising, posters, and other mass-produced means of using images to attract the attention of the populace." A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization was prepared by University of Washington history professor Patricia Buckley Ebrey. With questions for discussion, timelines, maps, and suggested readings. Select HOME to find link to teachers' guides for all topics featured on the website.

Go to Museum Resource: http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/graph/9gramain.htm
 
Guide to Chinese Ceramics
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"The Chinese contribution to ceramic art is one of uncontested brilliance. Explore the amazingly rich period of Chinese ceramic production from the Neolithic era through the Sung Dynasty." With a short introduction to each period or type and a selection of related objects from the MIA's collection.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/ceramics/
 
Han, 206 B.C.-200 A.D.
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"Military expansion, political centralization, and cultural achievements made this the first of China's four greatest dynasties." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with two maps (one of the Silk Road), a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 52 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-han.cfm
 
Homes (of China's Late Imperial Period): House Architecture and Interiors
University of Washington, Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization
"This unit looks at the homes people built as a way to learn more about the material circumstances of their lives and how geography affected daily life. After looking at how houses were built, it considers what was inside them." A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization was prepared by University of Washington history professor Patricia Buckley Ebrey. With questions for discussion, timelines, maps, and suggested readings. Select HOME to find link to teachers' guides for all topics featured on the website.

Go to Museum Resource: http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/home/3homintr.htm
 
Horses
The Cleveland Museum of Art
The horse was an important cultural icon in ancient China and there are many depictions of them in Chinese art. The horse was a symbol of wealth and power to emperors, noblemen, and warriors. In addition to warfare, horses were used for hunting.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/horses
 
How to Identify a Buddha
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
"The earliest surviving representations of the Buddha date from hundreds of years after his death, so they are not portraits in the usual sense. Buddha images vary greatly from place to place and period to period, but they almost always show these conventional features..." Downloads includes student handouts and a teacher packet on Hindu Buddhist Art. See also An Introduction to Buddhism.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/how-to-identify-a-buddha/
 
How to Paint a Lotus
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
The lotus flower is a Buddhist symbol of purity. Students will learn how to paint a lotus flower using Chinese brushpainting techniques in this hands on activity. Downloads include a lesson plan, teacher packets, visual instructions for the activity, and other resources.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/how-to-paint-a-lotus/
 
How to “Read” a Chinese Scroll: More than Just "Right to Left" [PDF]
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
For hundreds of years Chinese painting took three major formats: hand scrolls, hanging scrolls, and album leaves. Important hand scrolls are stored in special boxes and are carefully unrolled and rerolled for viewing a portion at a time by only a few people. Looking at the poetry, painting, and calligraphy on a scroll is like reading a chapter in a book. A Chinese hand scroll is “read” from right to left, the same way classical Chinese writing is read.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.freersackler.si.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/chinese-scroll-lesso...
 
Illusion, Allegories, and Artwork – Monkeys Grasp for the Moon
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will describe the visual qualities and content of works of art as well as the meanings communicated and feelings evoked by works of art. They will compare and contrast different forms, techniques, and meanings in artwork. Additionally, they will analyze the concept of allegory in storytelling and art as they recount stories from diverse cultures and determine the central message, lesson, or moral using key details in the text.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Imperial China: The Art of the Horse in Chinese History
The International Museum of the Horse at Kentucky Horse Park
"Imperial China was the first exhibition ever to explore the role of the horse in more than 3,000 years of Chinese history and culture." Three teaching guides (.pdf format) related to this exhibition can be downloaded from this page: 1) The Horse in Chinese History; 2) China: Historical & Cultural Background; 3) Curriculum (on interpreting artifacts); plus two appendices with additional content about horses in Chinese culture. Also see ONLINE EXHIBITIONS at the top of the HTML page for more about this exhibition.

Go to Museum Resource: http://imh.org/education/education-resources/
 
Imperial Silks (of the Manchu Court)
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"When the nomadic Manchu warriors overthrew the Ming dynasty in 1644 and founded Ch'ing [Qing], they took over the world's largest population, greatest bureaucracy, and one of the most luxurious courts in existence. They remained, however, a clear minority... To ease an orderly political transition while guarding against total cultural assimilation, the Manchus adjusted to a Chinese style bureaucracy and adopted the Buddhist religion while simultaneously enforcing certain ethnic and cultural differences. One of the clearest distinctions made was that of court attire." An overview, plus 14 related examples of court attire from the Manchu period, all with descriptions.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/explore/explore-collection-imperial-silk...
 
The Influence of East Asian Lacquer on European Furniture
Victoria and Albert Museum
When lacquered objects made in East Asia first reached Europe in about the early 16th century, they were highly prized for their flawless finish and light-reflecting qualities. Lacquer became available to European elites, along with other luxury items including silk and porcelain, once Portuguese explorers discovered a sea route to the East around the southern tip of Africa and across the Indian Ocean. The flow of goods increased in the early 17th century when the Dutch and English East India Companies began to bring goods to markets in Amsterdam and London. By 1700 many European country houses and palaces contained examples of East Asian export lacquer. Asian lacquer was admired as a precious and mysterious material.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.vam.ac.uk/articles/east-asian-lacquer-influence
 
An Introduction to Chinese Brushpainting Techniques
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
“Experience for yourself the art of brush-and-ink painting. Begin by learning how to hold the brush. Once you feel comfortable, experiment by applying varying degrees of pressure, speed, and moisture. Finally, create your own brushpainting masterpiece.” Downloads include visual instructions and a teachers packet.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/an-introduction-to-chinese-brushpainti...
 
An Introduction to Chinese Calligraphy
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
In China, painting and writing developed hand in hand, sharing the same tools and techniques. Downloads include teacher packets and guides.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/an-introduction-to-chinese-calligraphy/
 
An Introduction to Chinese Character and Brushstrokes
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
All Chinese characters are made up of a number of strokes. These strokes are painted in a prescribed order, depending on the script. Generally, strokes move from top to bottom and from left to right. Downloads include a guide "Getting Started with Chinese Calligraphy" and a Teachers Packet.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/an-introduction-to-chinese-character-a...
 
An Introduction to the Music of Mongolia
Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage
Students will be introduced to the music of Mongolia through several activities looking into different aspects of Mongolian music. Students will be introduced to the sound of the Morin Khuur (horse-head fiddle), the techniques of Khöömei (throat singing), and given an opportunity to play a traditional Mongolian song with western instruments.

Go to Museum Resource: https://folkways.si.edu/introduction-mongolia/throat-singing/music/tools-for-te...
 
An Introductory Course to Chinese Painting
LACMA, Los Angeles County Museum of Art
This free, online introduction to Chinese painting is divided into short video segments of 2-5 minutes, covering formats, styles, meanings, and more. Viewers are able to choose topics of interest to them.

Go to Museum Resource: https://lacma.teachable.com/p/chinese-painting
 
The Invention of Woodblock Printing in the Tang (618–906) and Song (960–1279) Dynasties
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Among the most globally significant innovations of the Tang and Song dynasties were the inventions of woodblock printing and moveable type, enabling widespread publishing of a variety of texts, and the dissemination of knowledge and literacy.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/the-invention-of-woodblock-printing-in...
 
A Journey: Han Dynasty Tomb
Cornell University, Johnson Museum of Art
Animated and narrated site describing the purpose of the tomb and identifying objects of significance placed in the tomb. Uses flash.

Go to Museum Resource: http://museum.cornell.edu/journey/tomb/virtual_tomb.html
 
A Journey through China and South Asia in 8 Objects
The British Museum
Explore the history of China and South Asia in our newly renovated gallery.

Go to Museum Resource: https://blog.britishmuseum.org/a-journey-through-china-and-south-asia-in-eight-...
 
Journey to the West (Monkey King): A Modern Performance of a Classic Story (15 min video)
The Field Museum
For more than 400 years people in China and beyond have enjoyed the epic tale Journey to the West. The story follows a Chinese monk who travels to India to bring Buddhist teachings back to China. On his journey, he’s protected by Pigsy, half man and half pig; Sandy, a former river monster; and their leader, the mischievous Monkey King. In this episode, Monkey King must get a magic fan to extinguish the Mountain of Fire that blocks their path.

Go to Museum Resource: http://chinahall.fieldmuseum.org/interactive/puppet-theater
 
Journey to the West (Monkey King): A Story Shared by Billions
The Field Museum
Unit includes a slideshow introducing the character, a brief discussion of the true story of Xuanzang’s trip, and a short cartoon video.

Go to Museum Resource: http://chinahall.fieldmuseum.org/gallery-4/case-409/g4-9_m1_b5
 
A Journey to Xiangtangshan
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Carved into the mountains of northern China, the Buddhist cave temples of Xiangtangshan ("Shahng-tahng-shahn") were the crowning cultural achievement of the Northern Qi ("Chee") dynasty (550-77). The name Xiangtangshan translates to "Mountain of Echoing Halls." It refers to two groups of caves: northern Xiangtangshan and southern Xiangtangshan, located about nine miles apart in Hebei province. Commissioned by devout Buddhist emperors and courtiers, the manmade caves represent the power and prestige of the throne and an eternal appeal for divine protection. They also reflect a long tradition, begun in India, of situating holy places within the earth's mantle.

Go to Museum Resource: https://archive.asia.si.edu/explore/china/xiangtangshan/
 
Learning from Asian Art: China
Philadelphia Museum of Art
"This online resource introduces students to Chinese art and culture as they explore works in the Museum’s collection. Each art image is accompanied by background information, a set of looking questions, and related classroom activity suggestions that students can use individually, in small groups, or as a whole class." With 10 images, plus a map, timeline, and list of recommended print resources and websites.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.philamuseum.org/booklets/3_15_32_1.html
 
Lesson Plan: Concepts of Nature [PDF]
The Art Institute of Chicago
Lesson plan related to module on Taoism: Taoist cosmology was shaped by the way in which the Chinese traditionally understood the world. Taoists believe that when the world began, there was only the Tao, a featureless, empty void able to be filled with the potential of all things. At this point, the Tao generated swirling patterns of cloudlike energy, called qi (pronounced "chee"). This energy developed two complementary aspects: yin, which is dark, heavy, and feminine, and yang, which is light, airy, and masculine. Yin energy sank to form the earth, yang energy rose to form the heavens, and both energies harmonized to form human beings. Consequently, the human body holds within it the energies of both the earth and the heavens. Grades 10–12 English Language Arts, Social Science.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.artic.edu/assets/773fe693-17c7-62b2-9e50-20718bec233c
 
Lesson Plan: Signs of the Zodiac [PDF]
The Art Institute of Chicago
Chinese art often incorporates animals that symbolize traits or characteristics. One of the most prominent ways that animals have been used symbolically in Chinese culture is in the Chinese zodiac. Grades 4–8 English Language Arts, Fine Arts, Social Science.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.artic.edu/assets/d594a444-64ce-5c68-823a-cb441314f3cd
 
Lesson Plan: The Silk Road [PDF]
The Art Institute of Chicago
Grades 7–10 English Language Arts, Social Science. See also The Silk Road History Lab.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.artic.edu/assets/43d01149-b415-2110-9102-f39931e27c7f
 
Life in China: Tang and Song Dynasties
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
This unit includes interdisciplinary suggested activities and downloadable handouts for approaching this subject through skill sets applied across world history studies. Download student hand outs, discussion points, comparisons, and activities. See also a spotlight on the art object, Camel, approx. 690–750.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/life-in-china-tang-and-song-dynasties/
 
The Life of a Chinese Scholar
The Cleveland Museum of Art
Students will learn about Confucianism and Chinese scholar poets through exploring art and literature. Students will read the works of Confucius and see the effect that Confucian teachings had on Chinese government and culture.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/life-a-chinese-scholar
 
A Look at Chinese Painting in The Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Examines seven Chinese paintings and calligraphies from the Asian art collection at The Metropolitan Museum of Art and discusses answers to seven questions that viewers often have about Chinese paintings in general: 1) What materials did the artist use to create this painting; 2) Why is there only writing in this image; 3) Why didn't the artist use any color in this painting; 4) What is this image about; 5) Why did the artist choose this shape for this painting; 6) Why are red stamps placed all over this painting; 7) How is nature depicted in Chinese landscape paintings?

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/chin/hd_chin.htm
 
Making a Cizhou Vessel
Princeton University Art Museum
A fun interactive website that takes the user through seven steps of creating a Cizhou vessel like the ones produced in Northern China during the Song and Yuan dynasties.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/asian-art/archived/making-a-cizhou-vessel/
 
Making Sense of the Future – The Oracle Bone and Shang Dynasty Divination
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will identify and interpret Shang dynasty values through the visual imagery of the Shang dynasty divination.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Mapping the Silk Road (interactive)
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Students analyze objects from South Asia, West Asia, and China to connect to the travel experiences of ancient merchants and traders, develop an understanding of the breadth of the land and sea trade, and explore how art and ideas travel and change over time and place.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/mapping-the-silk-road/
 
Material Objects and Everyday Life: How does design relate to function? [PDF]
The Field Museum
In this lesson plan students will analyze early Chinese artifacts to understand how the design, or structure, of an object is related to its function. Students will also explore how materials can be best suited for the function of the object. Finally, students will infer what materials were used to create objects in a geographic region of China, based on its natural resources.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/materials.pdf
 
The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Asian Art
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Metropolitan Museum's content-rich website offers many options for exploring its online collection of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, South Asian, Southeast Asian, and Himalayan art. Browse artworks by country/culture, time period, or subject area; or search for artworks and featured content for a specific country/culture or topic by using the Timeline website's search tool.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/
 
Military History of China and Japan
The Cleveland Museum of Art
This lesson examines how art and literature was used for political means in Japan and China, such as bolstering the legitimacy of military regimes.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/military-history-china-and-japan
 
Ming, 1368-1644
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"The last of the outstanding dynasties, the Ming was vibrant during its first half but racked with internal discord during its second." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 129 objects from the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-ming.cfm
 
Minneapolis Institute of Arts: The Art of Asia
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
The Explore the Collection section of this content-rich site features nearly 3,500 objects from the MIA's collection of Asian art. All images have a Zoom View; most images have descriptions. A Featured Objects section highlights 20 objects from the collection in great detail (through curator interviews), and six Featured Collections showcase objects in the following categories: 1) Ancient Chinese Bronzes; 2) Architectural Models; 3) Chinese Furniture; 4) Imperial Silks; 5) Taoist Art; and 6) Ukiyo-e. Users can also browse objects by country/region or by one of 15 subject categories (architecture, paintings, ceramics, drawings, etc.) or use the keyword search. An Add to My Collection feature allows users to create an online gallery to save and to share.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/explore/index.html
 
Mount Fuji
The Cleveland Museum of Art
The purpose of this lesson is to consider the cultural and religious significance of Mount Fuji, a recurring theme in Japanese art.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/mount-fuji
 
Museum Dictionary: A Young Person's Guide to the Collections of the Kyoto National Museum
Kyoto National Museum
"Museum Dictionary: A Young Person's Guide to the Collections of the Kyoto National Museum": excellent teaching resource for students of Japanese, Chinese, and Korean art. Images enlarge, text in story format.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/dictio/index.html
 
Musical Hooves on the Steppes: Morin Huur of Mongolia
Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage
Explore rural nomadic life in Mongolia and the highly impressionistic music and arts of the Central Asian steppes. Students learn to imitate sounds of the natural environment through improvised dance, instrumental performance, and throat-singing.

Go to Museum Resource: https://folkways.si.edu/hooves-on-steppes-morin-huur-mongolia/throat-singing/mu...
 
Nature and Art in Asia [PDF]
Harn Museum of Art, University of Florida
Family guide to works from China, Japan, and India.

Go to Museum Resource: http://harn.ufl.edu/linkedfiles/publication-asianfamilyguide.pdf
 
Nature Within Walls: The Chinese Garden Court at The Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
An illustrated 28-page teacher's guide that can be downloaded in .pdf format. The guide "provides background material about gardens and nature in Chinese culture ... Also included are suggestions for topics of discussion and relevant activities for use in the classroom. This material is meant to draw students’ attention to some of the key features of the garden and to help them understand how these details can embody fundamental cultural concepts. A glossary and a list of bibliographic and other resources provide handy references."

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.metmuseum.org/learn/educators/curriculum-resources/nature-within-wa...
 
Neolithic Era, 3000-1500 B.C.
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"The earliest known Chinese Stone Age culture was the relatively sophisticated Yang-shao, whose people lived in rudimentary settlements and hunted for game with carved stone spears." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 15 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-neolithic.cfm
 
New Discoveries in Chinese Archaeology
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Learn about some of the most prolific archaeological sites in China, including the burial complex of the First Emperor and Sanxingdui. Downloads include teachers packet, map, and timeline.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/new-discoveries-in-chinese-archaeology/
 
Northern Wei Tomb Retinue [PDF]
Princeton University Art Museum
This lesson uses the Princeton University Art Museum’s retinue of tomb figures from early sixth-century China to explore the role of international trade in the movement of goods and ideas, as well as its influence on the arts.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/asian-art/docs/tomb_retinue_teacher_resource.pdf
 
The Outsiders Inside: What does it mean to belong to a community? [PDF]
The Field Museum
In this lesson plan students will analyze the concept of “outsiders,” or ethnic minorities, in Chinese history through artifacts in the museum. They will connect the concept to present experiences.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/outsiders.pdf
 
Painting (during the Song and Yuan dynasties)
University of Washington, Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization
"This unit covers not only developments in painting as a fine art, such as the development of landscape painting, but also looks at paintings for evidence of social life, both the commercial life of cities and private life at home." A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization was prepared by University of Washington history professor Patricia Buckley Ebrey. With questions for discussion, timelines, maps, and suggested readings. Select HOME to find link to teachers' guides for all topics featured on the website.

Go to Museum Resource: http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/painting/4ptgintr.htm
 
Peking Opera Mask
Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College
"In this lesson students will be introduced to the Chinese Peking Opera and symbolism as it is used in such performances. Students will also explore stereotypes and relate such ideas to personal experiences. As a studio project, students will create their own masks in the style of Peking opera masks." For grades 3 & 4.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.oberlin.edu/amam/asia/pekingopera/Default.html
 
Picturing Power: Posters of the Cultural Revolution
The Huntington Archive of Buddhist and Asian Art
A large collection of posters divided into several time periods.

Go to Museum Resource: https://huntingtonarchive.org/Exhibitions/picturingPower.php
 
Playing with Shadows: An Introduction to Shadow Puppetry
The Kennedy Center, ArtsEdge
"Discover the secrets behind the art of shadow puppetry in this multimedia exploration, designed for grades 5-8, which explores this age-old art form through animations, videos, interactive activities, and more." With questions for discussion and two related lesson plans (see left-hand column): "Puppets on the Move: China and the Silk Road" and "Shadows & Light, Science & Puppetry." Uses Flash.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/multimedia/series/AEMicrosites/playing-with...
 
Porcelain and Trade Economics
The Cleveland Museum of Art
This lesson plan explores why wealthy Europeans wanted Asian luxury goods, like porcelain, and how they obtained these goods through import.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/porcelain-and-trade-economics
 
Puppets on the Move: China and the Silk Road
The Kennedy Center, ArtsEdge
This lesson is part of the unit: 'Teaching Shadow Puppetry.' Through map-making, research, and class discussions, students will gain an understanding of the dynamics of trade in China along the Silk Road and the role of trade in urbanization throughout the Han, Tang, and Song dynasties. The lesson will culminate in student-produced and student-created shadow puppet performances that demonstrate students’ understanding of Chinese culture during the days of the Silk Road and of the connection between trade and urbanization.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/educators/lessons/grade-6-8/Puppets_on_the_...
 
Rank and Style: Power Dressing in Imperial China
Pacific Asia Museum of USC
"Rank and Style: Power Dressing in Imperial China is an educational and interactive exploration of how the Chinese elite in the Ming and Qing dynasties expressed status through insignia of rank and the robes and accessories that went with them. It draws on the extensive collections of the Pacific Asia Museum as well as several private collections." Includes a glossary of textile terms and symbols, a chronology, discussion questions, and a reading list. Teaching Unit at the link below. See also Introduction.

Go to Museum Resource: https://pacificasiamuseum.usc.edu/exhibitions/past/exhibitions-at-usc-pam-prior...
 
Recording the Grandeur of the Qing
Columbia University, Asia for Educators
This interactive teaching unit gives the viewer unprecedented access to four monumental artworks of the Qing period – four of the twenty-four southern inspection tour scrolls commissioned by the Qing emperors Kangxi (r. 1662-1722) and Qianlong (r. 1736-1795). Each of the four featured scrolls is displayed online in its entirety, with key details annotated by Metropolitan Museum of Art curator Maxwell K. Hearn. Five background essays by Dr. Hearn and Columbia history professor Madeleine Zelin serve as guides to the historical and artistic context in which the scrolls were created. Produced in cooperation with the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Go to Museum Resource: http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/qing/index.html
 
Red Luster (Lacquer)
The Newark Museum
Much of East Asia Lacquer is made from a toxic resin produced by the so-called ‘varnish tree’ (Toxicodendron vernicifluum, formerly identified as Rhus vernicifluum) native to parts of China that also grows in areas of Korea and Japan. Initially, this tree’s resin is processed into a liquid that may be applied over any surface such as woods, metals, cloth, ceramics, baskets, shells, and so forth. To maximize lacquer’s significant protective coating, multiple thin layers are applied and each layer must fully dry before the next is added. Drying is carefully controlled to prevent cracking that would weaken the functional and decorative properties. Raw lacquer dries into a naturally dark color. Adding opaque minerals, such as cinnabar reds (mercury sulfide), orpiment yellows (arsenic sulfate), and malachite greens (copper carbonate) creates colored lacquers. In different processing stages, lacquer can be worked in a variety of techniques.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.newarkmuseum.org/red-luster
 
Responses to Chaos: Art, Religion and Literature in Six Dynasties China (221 to 581 CE)
China Institute
Chinese and Western historians have treated the era from 220 to 581 in China as a “Dark Age” because The collapse of the Han (206 BCE—220 CE), one of the greatest dynasties in Chinese history, resulted in political chaos, which permitted foreign, mostly nomadic pastoralists living north of China, to occupy much of North China and to found Chinese-style dynasties. The country had no central government and was plagued by repeated conflicts and wars….Rather than being a Dark Age, the era from 220 from 581 contributed enormously to religion and the arts in China and set the stage for the cosmopolitan and even more multicultural Tang dynasty.

Go to Museum Resource: https://china360online.org/?property=introduction-to-dark-ages-in-china-220-581
 
Rise & Fall of the Canton Trade System
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Visualizing Cultures
"The images in this unit portray the abundant variety of commercial, art, and craft goods exchanged in the Canton region during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Three cities became the center of the trading system that linked China to the Western European powers and the United States. Macau, the oldest, stayed under Portuguese control from 1557 to 1999. Canton gathered traders from Europe, Southeast Asia, the U.S., and the rest of China. Hong Kong, acquired by the British after the Opium War, grew from a small fishing village to a major international port during the 19th century." With three in-depth essays by Peter C. Perdue, professor of history at Yale, plus an extensive image gallery and a curriculum guide.

Go to Museum Resource: http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/rise_fall_canton_01/index.html
 
The Role of Dragons in Chinese Culture
The Cleveland Museum of Art
This lesson plan uses art to teach the //symbolic importance of dragons in the Chinese culture, which unlike in the West, are regarded as auspicious and emblematic of power.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/role-dragons-chinese-culture
 
Scholar-Literati Scroll Project
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Students will become members of the “literati/scholar” class by demonstrating their understanding of Chinese history, philosophy, and poetry. They will also display high achievement in the “Three Perfections”: calligraphy, painting, and poetry. This project is designed to be a creative alternative to daily or weekly assignments which might otherwise be assembled in a notebook or binder at the end of the 7th-grade Medieval China unit. Downloads includes handouts and maps.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/scholar-literati-scroll-project/
 
Scholar's Library and Study
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
With introductory overview and images (including a 360-degree panorama view) of this permanent architectural installation at the MIA of a Qing dynasty scholar's study and attached rock garden. The IN THIS ROOM section has information about and images of furniture and decorative objects in the room; the CURATOR INTERVIEW section examines aspects of the room in greater detail. There is also a link to another installation -- a reception hall dating to the early 17th century -- also with an image gallery, object descriptions, panorama view, and curator interview.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/architecture/chinese-scholars-study.cfm
 
Science Meets Artistry: the Work of Cai Guo-Qiang - Fireworks and Performance Art (9-12)
The Kennedy Center, ArtsEdge
Studying the work of artist Cai Guo-Qiang, students will understand the technological, logistical, and artistic factors for performance-oriented works.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/educators/lessons/grade-9-12/Science_Meets_...
 
Shaanxi Folk Art Puppetry
The Kennedy Center, ArtsEdge
This side by side video shows the story of the turtle and the crane as seen by the audience and behind the screen as the puppeteers bring the story to life. Uses Flash.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artsedge.kennedy-center.org/multimedia/VideoStories/festival-of-china/s...
 
Shang, 1523-1028 B.C.
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"Their cast-bronze weapons gave Shang kings military might." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 17 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-shang.cfm.html
 
Shanghai Propaganda Art Poster Center
Shanghai Propaganda Art Poster Center
A rich collection of historical Chinese posters from the 1920s through various periods of post-1949 Chinese modern history.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.shanghaipropagandaart.com/collection.asp?class=Early_period
 
Shu: Reinventing Books in Contemporary China
China Institute
Curriculum guide to Shu: Reinventing Books in Contemporary China, which was the China Institute's first exhibition of contemporary art. Topics include: 1) What Is Experimental Art?; 2) Writing; 3) Paper; 4) Printed Books.

Go to Museum Resource: https://china360online.org/?property=shu-reinventing-books-in-contemporary-china
 
The Silk Road [PDF]
Pacific Asia Museum of USC
Lesson plan designed for grade 6, focusing on preparing students to explore works of Asian art. “Enduring Questions: How did societies interact with each other? How did connections between societies increase over time? How did the establishment of the Silk Road increase trade, the spread of Buddhism, and the connections between China and other regions of Afro - Eurasia?”

Go to Museum Resource: https://pacificasiamuseum.usc.edu/files/2019/03/USC-PAM-My-Masterpieces-Curricu...
 
The Silk Roads in History
University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
“There is an endless popular fascination with the “Silk Roads,” the historic routes of economic and cultural exchange across Eurasia. The phrase in our own time has been used as a metaphor for Central Asian oil pipelines, and it it common advertising copy for the romantic exoticism of expensive adventure travel. One would think that, in the century and a third since the German geographer Ferdinand von Richthofen coined the term to describe what for him was a quite specific route of east-west trade some 2,000 years ago, there might be some consensus as to what and when the Silk Roads were. Yet, as the Penn Museum exhibition of Silk Road artifacts demonstrates, we are still learning about that history, and many aspects of it are subject to vigorous scholarly debate.” An excellent rich site on the Silk Roads.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.penn.museum/sites/expedition/the-silk-roads-in-history/
 
The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-95 in Woodblock Prints from China and Japan
The British Library
Produced in conjunction with theJapan Center for Asian Historical Records (JACAR), this web exhibition “The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895: as seen in prints and archives” has been produced as a collaboration between the Japan Center for Asian Historical Records (JACAR) and the British Library. Its aim is to bring together the collection of prints of the Sino-Japanese War held by the British Library and documents made public by JACAR to show how the events of the Sino-Japanese War were depicted and recorded by the people of the time. Both the Japanese and the Chinese prints included in this special web exhibition were produced at the time of the Sino-Japanese War to show the people of their respective countries what the war was like, a role played nowadays by news photographs. Therefore each country had a tendency to portray its own soldiers as strong and brave, but those of the opposing country as weak and small. Moreover many of the depictions seem to be based not on actual observation of the locations or events but on hearsay. Indeed some of them show scenes which could not have happened. From this it is clearly evident that these works were intended as propaganda at the time.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.jacar.go.jp/english/jacarbl-fsjwar-e/index.html
 
Six Dynasties, 220-586
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"The wars, plagues, and political instability that characterize this lengthy period forced the Chinese to question traditional belief systems, especially Confucianism, and encouraged many to embrace Buddhism and Taoism." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 10 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-six.cfm.html
 
The Song Dynasty: China in 1000 CE, The Most Advanced Society in the World
Columbia University, Asia for Educators
In 1000, 1100, 1200, and 1300, China was the most advanced place in the world. Marco Polo (1254-1324) recognized this when he got to China in the late 13th century after traveling through much of Asia. In what is now Europe, this was the period now referred to as the “high” Middle Ages, which fostered the Crusades and witnessed the rise of Venice, the mercantile center that was Marco Polo’s home.A magnificent picture scroll painted by a Chinese artist in the 12th century provides us with a look at society and urban life in China during this time. **This scroll, which appears throughout this teaching module, is often referred to as the “Beijing Qingming scroll” because it is in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. Painted during the Song dynasty by the artist Zhang Zeduan, this scroll is believed to be the earliest extant version of the famous Qingming shanghe tu 清明上河圖 (see 'Translations of the Qingming shanghe tu' for more about the translation of this title), of which there are many versions. Widely considered to be China’s best-known painting (it has even been called “China’s Mona Lisa”), this rarely displayed 12th-century scroll was briefly on view in Hong Kong in July 2007.

Go to Museum Resource: http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/songdynasty-module/index.html
 
The Spread of Buddhism Across Asia
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Understand, through the analysis of artifacts and maps, how Buddhism changed as it spread across Asia and came to reflect the countries that embraced it. Downloads include a slideshow and handout on Buddhist artifacts and a lesson plan.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/the-spread-of-buddhism-across-asia/
 
Steeped in History: The Art of Tea [PDF]
Fowler Museum at UCLA
"Throughout its history tea has been a prevalent theme in the visual arts—scenes of tea embellish ceramics and textiles and are the subject of paintings and drawings, and all manner of vessels have been fashioned for the preparation and presentation of tea. Steeped in History brings together rare Chinese ceramics and paintings, 18th- and 19th-century Japanese ceramics and prints, extraordinary English and Colonial American paintings, vintage photographs and historical documents, tea-serving paraphernalia and furniture from many countries, and much more —to tell the fascinating history of tea." This curriculum guide to the exhibition includes five lessons corresponding to the five themes of the exhibition: 1) China, Cradle of Tea Culture; 2) The Way of Tea in Japan; 3) Tea Craze in the West; 4) Tea and Empire; 5) Tea—Parties and Poetry.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.international.ucla.edu/media/files/Fowler_tea_curriculum.pdf
 
Sui, 581-618
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"First ruled by a progressive leader and then by his ne'er-do-well son, this brief period closed with the arrival of a third emperor, one who would usher in the T'ang dynasty, another Chinese golden age." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 2 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-sui.cfm
 
Sung (Song), 960-1279
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"Considered the third Chinese golden age, this complex dynasty was divided almost evenly into Northern (960 - 1126) and Southern (1127 - 1279) halves." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with two maps (of Northern and Southern Song), a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 72 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-sung.cfm
 
Sword Bearer Lamp (China) – 3-D image (470-422 BCE)
Princeton University Art Museum
Bronze, made with piece-mold technique. ”The lamp is cast using piece-molds, and assembled from multiple pouring casts of the body and head, with cast-on components, including the chin strap ends, waist knot, sword, and the lamp pan and shaft. The body and head are cast in three successive pours, making use of different alloy compositions to achieve a polychromatic effect. The head and lower hem are cast with a darker ruddy colored bronze, while the outer tunic, waist knot, sword, and lamp dish and shaft are cast with a pale gold colored alloy. The rectangular tenon end of the lamp shaft is inserted into the hands the figure and pinned in two directions to prevent movement, and secured by lead. According to tomb inventories (qiance) this type of lamp is called zhuyon According to tomb inventories (qiance) this type of lamp is called zhuyong ("lamp-figurine"), and similar lamps have been found in Warring States and Western Han (206 B.C.–A.D. 9) burials. Such lamps may have been used in tombs to provide light during burial rituals, to guide the deceased soul on their afterlife journey, or to embody the soul in the form of an eternal flame during funerary ceremonies.

Go to Museum Resource: https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/asian-art/china/models/swordbearer-lamp-model
 
Symbolism in Cloisonne (Ming)
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will be able to interpret the significance of the li (tripod) incense burner, both in its design and function.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
The Symbol of the Dragon and the Tiger in Chinese and Japanese Art
The Cleveland Museum of Art
This lesson plan looks at the dragon and the tiger, symbols of power, are portrayed in the art of China and Japan.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/symbol-dragon-and-tiger-chinese-...
 
T'ang, 618-906
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"The second of the four greatest dynasties, the T'ang combined aggressive military and economic expansion with political stability and creative achievement." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with a map, a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 41 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-tang.cfm
 
Taoism and the Arts of China
The Art Institute of Chicago
An excellent website for teaching about Taoism. Covers the following three themes: 1) Taoist Tradition (discusses Laozi, Taoist cosmology, and the sacred immortals); 2) Taoist Church (discusses religious Taoism, ritual, and the Taoist pantheon); 3) Taoist Renaissance (discusses popular religion, divine manifestations of yin, and inner alchemy). Also features more than 25 works of art, related diagrams, a map, timeline, glossary, bibliography, and six lesson plans for the middle- and secondary-school levels.

Go to Museum Resource: https://archive.artic.edu/taoism/menu.php
 
Taoism and the Arts of China [PDF]
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
"This packet introduces Taoism, and its expression in Chinese art. What exactly is Taoism? (pronounced “dow-ism”) The “Tao” (pronounced “dow”) is change, motion, energy, the source of all matter and creation. It unfolds as the interaction of two kinds of energy (qi, pronounced “chee”), called yin and yang. These two energies interact in a state of constant movement. Taoism is a world of beliefs, writings, ceremonial practices, philosophies, and art that strives to harmonize the life of human beings with the forever and naturally changing universe. Like any religion or set of indigenous beliefs, Taoism has evolved over the centuries to encompass many ideas, mythologies and cultural practices."

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/09/Taoism-Teache...
 
Taoist Art
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"The Taoist philosophy is indigenous to China. Formed in the late Bronze Age, it has a history of over two thousand years and it exercised a deep and lasting influence on Chinese painting, calligraphy, poetry, medicine, political theory and personal conduct." Brief introductory text and 14 artworks from the MIA collection, most with descriptions. Also, a featured collection of paintings depicting the Three Purities -- "the supreme deities of orthodox religious Taoism."

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/explore/explore-collection-taoist-art.cfm
 
Teacher’s Sourcebook for Chinese Art and Culture [PDF]
Peabody Essex Museum
Provides an excellent introduction to Chinese history and religions along with a section on “Chinese Porcelain in World Trade History.”

Go to Museum Resource: https://s3.amazonaws.com/pem-org/general/pdf/China_teachers_sourcebook_PEM.pdf
 
Teaching China with the Smithsonian
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
This teaching resource developed in 2020 supports educators everywhere in engaging and inspiring students through the exploration of Chinese art, history, and culture. Focusing on artworks that can highlight key curricular themes, the materials are searchable by object, dynasty, and theme. With supporting lesson plans, videos and interactive maps and charts. The individual lesson plans are included throughout OMuERAA, but teachers can find a work of art that enhances their history lessons by using the “dynasty” search function on this site.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/
 
Teaching The Golden Age of Chinese Archaeology [PDF]
National Gallery of Art
Teaching materials developed in conjunction with the exhibition The Golden Age of Chinese Archaeology: Celebrated Discoveries from The People's Republic of China. Organized into four sections, each with images and descriptions of 4 to 6 related objects: 1) Late Prehistoric China (archaeology, jade, pottery); 2) Bronze Age China (Fu Hao tomb excavations; Sanxingdui findings); 3) Chu and Other Cultures (Marquis Yi tomb excavations); 4) Early Imperial China (excavations at the tomb of the First Emperor). Also with pronunciation guide and glossary, chronology, list of additional resources, and list of teaching activities.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.nga.gov/content/dam/ngaweb/Education/learning-resources/teaching-pa...
 
Technology and Tea Culture (Song)
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will be able to identify, explain, and analyze the technique behind producing the tea bowl with “oil spot” glaze and relate this work to the cultural and historical context of tea culture in the Song dynasty as well as the Song’s Commercial Revolution.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Testing the Scholars: How do you choose who runs a dynasty? Why do people seek power? [PDF]
The Field Museum
In this lesson plan students will explore the classical Chinese civil servants exam system, compare it to their current exam systems, and construct their own ideas of what it means to be qualified for a role and how to prove qualification.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/scholar.pdf
 
Theater in China and Japan
The Cleveland Museum of Art
Students will explore then compare and contrast the Chinese (Beijing Opera) and Japanese (Kabuki) forms of theater.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/theater-china-and-japan
 
The Three Perfections: Calligraphy, Poetry, and Painting
The Cleveland Museum of Art
Students in this activity will develop their appreciation of the different styles, and of the form, beauty, and grace of the Chinese written language.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/three-perfections-calligraphy-po...
 
Throwing Off Asia II: Woodblock Prints of the Sino-Japanese War (1894-95)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Visualizing Cultures
"The 'Westernization' of Japan included strengthening the military and engaging in major wars against both China and Tsarist Russia. These remarkable propaganda prints illustrate Japan's startling victory in the Sino-Japanese War." See the ESSAY section for an in-depth, illustrated reading of the images from the historical record. See the VISUAL NARRATIVES section for a shorthand view of the unit's primary themes and images. A CURRICULUM section for teachers and students can be found under the "Throwing Off Asia II" menu at the top of the page.

Go to Museum Resource: http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/throwing_off_asia_02/index.html
 
Tomb Treasures: Explore a Tomb from China’s Han Dynasty
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Explore a virtual tomb: Tomb Treasures exhibition and assembled using photography and reference material provided by the Nanjing Museum, the Tomb Treasures 3D Experience begins with an aerial view of a reconstructed Han Dynasty royal mausoleum; the burial mound is lifted to reveal Tombs 1 and 2 prior to presenting an interactive 3D of Tomb 1. Explore 12 different areas of the tomb, where different objects were discovered.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/explore-a-tomb-from-chinas-han-dynasty...
 
Trading Places: The East India Company and Asia
The British Library
Trading Places "follows the journey of one of the biggest multinationals in history -- the East India Company." Includes a company timeline and "fact file," as well as extensive information on the history of the company and its activities in Asia. Also includes an in-depth look at the history of Bombay. With maps and images throughout. Asia used to be known as 'The East Indies.' Pepper, spices, medicinal drugs, aromatic woods, perfumes and silks were rare commodities in Europe, and therefore valuable. Trading in them could make you a fortune. And for this chance many were willing to risk their lives. There were three great empires in Asia: the Ottoman Turkish; the Mughal; the Chinese. Each was wealthy and sophisticated and had its own international trading network. How could Europe open up its own trading routes to Asia?"

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.bl.uk/learning/histcitizen/trading/tradingplaces.html
 
Traveling the Silk Road: Educator's Guide
American Museum of Natural History
Online educator's guide to the 2010 exhibition at the AMNH that takes visitors "along the world's oldest international highway, on a voyage that spans six centuries (AD 600 to 1200). (The exhibition) showcases four representative cities: Xi'an, China's Tang Dynasty capital; Turfan, a bustling oasis; Samarkand, home of prosperous merchants; and Baghdad, a meeting place for scholars, scientists, and philosophers." Featuring activities for grades 3-5, 6-8, and 9-12, standards correlations, map, glossary, and more.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/traveling-the-silk-road/educator-resources
 
Traveling the Silk Road: Is the Silk Road an example of globalization? [PDF]
The Field Museum
In this lesson plan students will explore the “Silk Road” trade networks through museum resources and a reenactment of exchange along the route.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/silk_road_activity.pdf
 
The Underground Army of the First Emperor
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Just east of the modern city of Xi’an, you can see an army of soldiers unearthed. Discovered first in 1974, the work continues on three pits containing over 7,000 model soldiers. The army was buried within a framework of wooden pillars just east of the large tumulus containing the tomb of the First Emperor. It was a massive undertaking, certainly the largest ceramic project ever undertaken anywhere.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/the-underground-army-of-the-first-empe...
 
Understanding Chinese Characters (Ming)
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will how to write some Chinese characters and understand how Chinese characters are grouped together to create words.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Understanding Decorative Motifs in Chinese Porcelain
China Institute
This hands-on activity is designed to be an inexpensive way for students to learn and appreciate the cultural significance of select symbols as they appear on Chinese porcelains.

Go to Museum Resource: https://china360online.org/?property=228-park-ave-s
 
Understanding History through Artifacts: Lady Dai’s Tomb
China Institute
In this lesson, students will examine Lady Dai’s tomb through an exploration of the artifacts found there. They will study the objects buried in Lady Dai’s tomb through images and draw conclusions about Lady Dai and the time period in which she lived. Students will walk away from this lesson with the ability to derive historical knowledge from the comprehensive examination of artifacts.

Go to Museum Resource: https://china360online.org/?property=understanding-history-through-artifacts
 
Using Mystery Objects to Draw Conclusions about Ancient Chinese and Japanese Culture
The Cleveland Museum of Art
In this lesson, students use art to draw conclusions about ancient Chinese and Japanese civilizations and cultures.

Go to Museum Resource: http://www.clevelandart.org/lesson-plan-packet/using-mystery-objects-draw-concl...
 
Visible Traces: Rare Books and Special Collections from the National Library of China
Asia Society
Online presentation of a 2000 exhibition tracing the evolution of the written and printed word in China. Featuring 70 objects, with short descriptions, under the following topics: 1) Rare Books and Manuscripts; 2) Epigraphical and Pictorial Rubbings; 3) Maps and Atlases; 4) Texts and Illustrations from China's Ethnic Minorities. Also includes a curriculum guide and activities/games for the classroom.

Go to Museum Resource: http://sites.asiasociety.org/education/VISIBLE_TRACES/exhibit.html
 
Visions of Enlightenment: Arts of Buddhism
Pacific Asia Museum of USC
An excellent site for students, with many additional resources for teachers. Text essays with images on the following four topics: 1) The Perfected One: The Buddha; 2) Compassionate Beings: Bodhisattvas, Deities, Guardians, Holy Men; 3) Buddhist Places; and 4) Signs, Symbols, Ritual Objects. Also features an extensive glossary of Buddhist-related terms and an excellent interactive map and timeline outlining the life of the Buddha and the spread of Buddhism. Teaching unit at the link below. See also Introduction.

Go to Museum Resource: https://pacificasiamuseum.usc.edu/exhibitions/past/exhibitions-at-usc-pam-prior...
 
A Visual Vocabulary of Brush Painting
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
The brush painting artist can achieve a multitude of effects by varying such factors as the speed and pressure applied to a brush, the size and type of brush, the amount of moisture, the manner in which different shades of ink or colors are loaded onto the brush, the angle at which the brush is held, and the type of paper or silk used for painting. Above are examples, drawn from the museum’s collection, which represent some of the more common techniques. Includes download of visual guide and instructions.

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/resources/a-visual-vocabulary-of-brushstrokes/
 
Wang Jianwei: Time Temple
Guggenheim Museum
The exhinit Wang Jianwei: Time Temple, is an immersive exhibition of new work by the Beijing-based artist and his first solo museum exhibition in North America. Informed by critical theory and philosophy, his work focuses on a process-based practice that expresses time and movement into the production and experience of art. Includes video resources. See also: Teaching Materials.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.guggenheim.org/exhibition/wang-jianwei-time-temple
 
Ways of Seeing – Poetry and Painting (Ming)
National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution
Students will analyze and interpret works of art according to events, places, cultures, and historical periods. They will evaluate how social, cultural, and historical context contribute meaning in works of art and examine narratives in artwork and poetry.

Go to Museum Resource: https://asia.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/les...
 
Who’s Afraid of Ai Weiwei?
University of Illinois
An 18 min video, produced by PBS/Frontline in 2011, available with a Teachers Resources from the Digital Asia site at the University of Illinois. China's Ai Weiwei is as controversial as he is popular, as much an activist as he is an artist. He has gone from being chosen to design the signature Birds Nest stadium for the 2008 Beijing Olympics to being jailed and watching his studio get destroyed. Regardless, he finds ways to get his message out.

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/ai-wei-wei/
 
Wine Jar, with Fish and Aquatic Plants: China, early 14th c. Yuan Dynasty
The Brooklyn Museum
This jar is a masterpiece of fourteenth-century porcelain and an example of a naturalistic style of surface decoration that was gaining popularity in China at the time. The rich blue color is produced by cobalt-oxide pigment imported from western Asia via the Silk Road. The vessel was created not long after the Chinese had perfected the process of making blue-and-white ceramics. It was produced in the imperial kilns of Jingdezhen and was probably a gift for a government official. The fish is an auspicious animal in Chinese culture, and the carp in particular was considered lucky during the Yuan Dynasty, when this jar was created. Fish were kept in ponds for enjoyment and for food, and there are many Chinese myths and stories that include them as characters. The Chinese names of the four types of fish depicted on the jar—qing yu (black carp), bai yu (silver carp), li yu (carp), gui yu (perch)—sound like the Chinese words for “honest and incorruptible.” The lotus, a large, beautiful aquatic flower that often grows from mud, is a Buddhist symbol representing a human’s ability to overcome suffering. See also exhibition publication [PDF].

Go to Museum Resource: https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/66256
 
Words as Art/Art with Words: Chinese Calligraphy Teacher Packet [PDF]
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
"How do you integrate words and art to express an idea? China’s educated elite painted artful writing, more commonly known as calligraphy, since at least the Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE). Chinese calligraphy is a visual art. The fluid strokes, dots and lines that form each character are its focus. The content of a calligraphic work, while sometimes inspiring or moving, is usually nothing new. What is fresh, exciting, and creative is the way it is visually expressed. In China, painting and writing developed hand in hand, sharing the same tools and techniques..."

Go to Museum Resource: https://education.asianart.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/09/Calligraphy-w...
 
Work of Giants: The Chinese and the Building of the First Transcontinental Railroad
Chinese Historical Society of America
Museum unit memorializing the efforts of the 12,000 Chinese laborers who worked on the Central Pacific portion of the Transcontinental Railroad. The involvement of Chinese workers in the construction of the Central Pacific Railroad is common knowledge. We hope to present information that enhances the basic facts–that the Chinese railroad workers were the backbone of the enormous construction project to carve a road through granite of the Sierra Nevada, ever diligent and efficient, adapting to new construction techniques, and enduring harsh working and living conditions, which all resulted in the completion of the railroad ahead of schedule. The Transcontinental Railroad is an American legacy, a triumph of the human spirit and a cornerstone of the history of Chinese in America.

Go to Museum Resource: https://chsa.org/exhibits/online-exhibits/work-of-giants-the-chinese-and-the-bu...
 
Yuan, 1280-1365
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
"Mongol invader Genghis Khan and his hordes conquered much of Asia, including China; his grandson Kublai Khan established this dynasty, during which the Mongols reopened and expanded overland trade routes linking China, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean." A brief, one-paragraph overview, along with three maps (of the Mongol Empire, the Silk Road, and the Yuan Dynasty), a video clip featuring an MIA curator, and 20 objects representative of the period.

Go to Museum Resource: http://archive.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-yuan.cfm
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